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wireless-router interview questions

Top wireless-router frequently asked interview questions

Asus RT-N66U Enable SSH Access

Is the option to enable ssh access to this router not available in the stock version of the firmware?

I can only see "Enable Telnet" under Administration -> System.
That's kind of lame. Telnet is sent over the network in plain text and is not secure. I have firmware version 3.0.0.4.376_1071 and that is the latest version according to the check for updates feature on the router.

If you Google around, other people have been talking about SSH access into this popular router. Are they using some custom firmware?


Source: (StackOverflow)

What's the difference between dual antenna and triple antenna for a router?

Mainly, would it contribute to differences in the range and antenna propagation pattern, affecting my signal at my computer points?


Source: (StackOverflow)

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How does a wireless router send a packet in a way only the requested computer will receive it?

As far as I know, a wireless router communicates with computers on a certain radio channel, and when a computer wants to join a network, it searches all of its channels to find a wireless router transmission, then sets this channel as the default and communicates with the wireless router on that channel.

Now, if we are talking about a wireless network with several computers on it,
I know (based on what I saw on Wireshark on my computer) that any computer can see any packet sent from any of the computers to the wireless router (is this because they are all transmitting at the same channel?),
but I could not see what the wireless router transmitted to the other computers.

How can the wireless router do this?

It's supposed to transmit on the same radio channel, so every computer should be able to catch it (and then decide to keep it or to drop it based on the target IP address), right?


Source: (StackOverflow)

Wi-fi Router Neighbor-Friendly Mode?

I was tinkering around with my NetGear WNR2000v2 router this morning and noticed a Mode option under its Wireless Settings page.

Of the 3 - 4 Mode options available to me, the last two were:

  • Up to 145 Mbps; and
  • Up to 300 Mbps

My initial reaction was: why would anybody ever want to choose slower speeds?!?! Then I read the helper section on Mode and it mentioned that the Up to 145 Mbps option was best for small home networks (which mine is) because it is considered a Neighbor-Friendly mode.

What does this mean?!?

How does the speed of the network affect RF channels, etc. of my surrounding (neighbors') wireless networks? What are the cons/issues of increasing up to the 300 Mbps max?


Source: (StackOverflow)

Why does my wireless router disconnect when I turn on my cellphone's WiFi?

For the last seven months, I have been dealing with Internet problems. However I finally found out why my wireless router has been disconnecting randomly.

Every time I enable WiFi on my HTC Android cellphone, the whole router disconnects and I lose Internet until I switch the WiFi off on my phone.

I don't understand why it is doing this – has this happened to you? How can I fix it?


Source: (StackOverflow)

How do I split an internet connection into 4 equal connections?

My 4 roomates and I have a problem:

One of my roomies is downloading torrents all the time. When somebody need make a call or doing something like you tube or a quiz using the internet conection. The internet is very slow....

I can not create a network using a computer as a proxy. I just need a good router (and in the budget no more than $50)..

I just want to split a 16MB connection into a separated 4 x 4 mb (theoretically)..


Source: (StackOverflow)

Can I use a wireless router as a repeater?

I have a wireless TP-Link TL-WR941ND router connected to the internet, but I can't get a good signal in the other end of my house. I have a spare Edimax BR-6226n wireless router.

Is it possible to use it to somehow increase the signal of my wifi network? If not, is it possible to do it with a computer attached (I got lots of old ones around)?


Source: (StackOverflow)

Wireless is slow, but only to the internet, not local connections

I have a Ubiquity RouterStation Pro running the latest release of OpenwRT.

Connecting via a wire directly to the router, or through a switch, I get exactly the speed I would expect, both to my local network, and to the internet. Gigabit to the the local network, and about 1.2 megabytes/second to the internet.

Connecting via a wireless G connection, I get exactly the speed I would expect from local servers, which is about 3 megabytes/second (sure, it could be better, but it isn't bad).

When I use the same exact wireless connection as above, however, and download something from the internet, my maximum speed is about 30-60 kilobytes/second. There is no significant packet loss when I use ping.

The speed tests above were taken by downloading files via http or ssh (via scp and rsync). However, using the tool iperf, which does network performance testing, I can get my full internet speed for any connection on any port, even over wireless.

I am really confused. Any help?

Edit

After some more thought, I thought the problem might be related to packet size (I saw something similar before on another network). To test this, I used ping -f -c 500 -s $SIZE, (ie: sending pings of various size). Below a packet size of about 220, the pings had almost 0% drop rate. Above that the drop rate climbed rapidly, reaching 30% at a size of 512 bytes.

Using this data, I modified the route table on the laptop to set the MSS to 220, which as I understand it, limits the size of TCP/IP packets to about that size. Then I ran a speed test, and I get 600-700KB/s. Much better! I attribute the decreased speed compared to the wired connection to having such a pitiful packet size.

I don't consider this fixed, but just a work around. I still want to find out why this is happening, and how I can fix it.


Source: (StackOverflow)

How can I beam my Wifi signal across the street?

So essentially I'm looking to extend my wireless internet to a building that is about 200ft away.

Right now my wireless signal shows, but it is beyond weak. Does anyone know of a resource where I can read up on how to set up an antenna to send the signal across the street to make it stronger in their house?

Also, please don't comment on the security issues, I have all that covered :)


Source: (StackOverflow)

WPA vs. WPA2: Exception for one device?

My home network uses a Verizon-branded Actiontec M1424WR router with Wi-Fi. My main computer is hard-wired and lacks Wi-Fi capability. I'm trying to connect an old Palm TX, which has Wi-Fi, via the network.

The router is set up for WPA2, and there are other wireless connections so I don’t want to mess with that. The Palm TX offers WPA (as well as WEP).

There is no way to upgrade the Palm TX, so any connection would need to be accomplished by making some kind of exception in the router to allow connection of this one device using WPA. Is there any way to do that?


Source: (StackOverflow)

How do I set up a proxy server for home with bandwidth control, download limit options?

3 room mates share a single 2 Mbps connection. Have a 40GB per month download limit beyond which speed drops to 256Kbps which is annoying.

One of the roommates abuses the connection by downloading beyond his quota limit. I have a Netgear WNR1000v2 Wireless router + ADSL Modem to connect to the internet. We all access internet via Wireless router which connects to ADSL Modem.

I need a free proxy solution which can help me set

  1. 40GB / 3 (13 GB) limit for each person (every person has 2 devices - a PC and a phone with Wifi)
  2. Uniform Bandwidth control - when 2 people browse the internet they should get 1 Mbps each, and when 3 people access, they should get 2Mbps divided by 3.
  3. After each person crosses their monthly download limit, they should be able to access the internet with 256Kbps speed only or lesser.
  4. Can I have a custom firmware on my wireless router do this (or) Do I need a proxy server ?

Please point me to any relevant tutorials (for example with Squid).

Update: I am not looking for router only/firmware solutions, I am open to running a proxy server on one of the PCs on the network or any other similar type of solutions.


Source: (StackOverflow)

Power failure while upgrading firmware on TP-Link WR940N, router is bricked. How do I fix it?

I was upgrading my wireless router TP-Link WR940N, while then, the device faced a sudden power outage. Anyway, the machine never started working properly again. All the lights of WAN and WLAN and SYS are turned off. The device original version has already been damaged. What can I do to restore it?


Source: (StackOverflow)

Can long range Wi-Fi work if one end of the connection is not using a high-gain antenna?

I am trying to understand how long range Wi-Fi works. As far as I know, Wi-Fi consists of Tx and Rx. When a laptop is connected to an access point (AP), the laptop is able to receive data from the AP (Rx) and also transmit data back to the AP (Tx).

Let's say I want to build a long range Wi-Fi to cover a large area. I connect a high-gain omni-directional antenna like this to the AP.

Let's say the original AP's Wi-Fi signal radius is 250 m. By using the high-gain antenna, the radius become 1000 m.

At 1000 m away from the AP, by using a normal laptop (without any high gain antenna), I try to connect to the AP.

The Tx signal from the AP is able to reach the laptop. But, the Tx signal from the laptop should not be able to reach the AP. Under this condition, can the laptop connect to the AP?


Source: (StackOverflow)

How to disable internet access at night on the router?

I have an internet connection that I'd like to be enabled only during the day. With multiple household internet devices, this would need to be something disabled at the level of the router.

I don't believe the router offers this sort of functionality, but I'm reasonably familiar with setting up web servers and the like, and I'm wondering if I can set up some sort of proxy server on the internet that the router must go through and have that proxy only active at certain times of day.

It's a bit vague I know, but is something like this even possible?

If not, are there other solutions to the problem?


Source: (StackOverflow)

Wireless Router Signal Strength Stats

When shopping around for wireless routers, they all seem to have the claim of "great" or "excellent" signal strength. Of course, such marketing words do absolutely nothing to let me compare the signal strengths of various routers.

So, what are the specs that I should be looking at when comparing wireless routers in order to determine which have the greatest signal strength? [or is it even possible?]

For example, on this Linksys E1000 "data sheet" I noticed two specs that are possibly signal strength related: RF Pwr (EIRP) in dB, and Antenna Gain in dB -- except I have absolutely no idea what those two mean, and whether they are indeed reflective of anything.


Source: (StackOverflow)