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Live CD asks for a username and password

When I boot Ubuntu 10.04.3 from a live CD, it asks me to enter a username and password. I have not booted before, and I haven't created an account.

How can I check the integrity of a downloaded Ubuntu CD?

I've just downloaded a CD image of Ubuntu. I know the installer has a check CD option, but how can I check that the image is good before burning it to CD?

How can I prevent someone from resetting my password with a Live CD?

Recently one of my friends came over to my place, within 15 minutes he hacked my account using a Live CD and reset the password in front of me. I was baffled to see such a thing. Please guide me to prevent such a future attempt using a Live CD.

How to boot from non-Ubuntu live ISO images like Fedora or CentOS?

I found that it can be done with loopback as follows

menuentry "Lucid ISO" {
loopback loop (hd0,1)/boot/iso/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso noprompt noeject
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

But it works only with ubuntu or its derivatives. How it should be written if I want to boot other live images like fedora, cent, opensuse etc. ?

Edit: I found some other entries but all of them are probably debian based.

menuentry "Linux Mint 10 Gnome ISO" {
 loopback loop /linuxmint10.iso
 linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/mint.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz iso-scan/filename=/linuxmint10.iso noeject noprompt splash --
 initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

menuentry "DBAN ISO" {
 loopback loop /dban.iso
 linux (loop)/DBAN.BZI nuke="dwipe" iso-scan/filename=/dban.iso silent --
}


menuentry "Tinycore ISO" {
 loopback loop /tinycore.iso
 linux (loop)/boot/bzImage --
 initrd (loop)/boot/tinycore.gz
}


menuentry "SystemRescueCd" {
 loopback loop /systemrescuecd.iso
 linux (loop)/isolinux/rescuecd isoloop=/systemrescuecd.iso setkmap=us docache dostartx
 initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}

Edit2: How to chainload grub and syslinux from grub2?

Edit3: I want to boot other live images without any removable devices and use grub2 so need menu entries specific to grub2.

What version is this Live CD / Live USB?

I often have a number of Live CDs sitting around (actually USBs) and I'm not always sure which version is which. Is there some quick way to find out the Ubuntu version I'm looking at? Perhaps a file I can look at on the CD, or some executable I can run or something?

How can I put old Ubuntu CDs to good use?

I have a fair number of older Ubuntu CDs sitting around for releases that are not supported anymore. They have beautiful pressed labels and sleeves that I would hate to just throw away.

What can I do with them?

What's the difference between Ubuntu for free and the Official CD for $5?

What's the difference between Ubuntu 12.04 LTS for free and the Official CD of Ubuntu for $5? I didn't know the difference.

What are some alternatives to upgrading without using the standard upgrade system?

What are some alternatives to upgrading without using the standard upgrade system? Suppose for example that I wanted to upgrade an Ubuntu installation on a machine with a poor Internet connection. What would my options be? Could I just use a standard Ubuntu disk to upgrade this machine? If I already have a standard Ubuntu disk and want to use that, could I do a clean install without wiping data?

Installer gets stuck with a grayed out forward button

I have a CD with Ubuntu 10.10 and a laptop with Ubuntu 8.10. The laptop had all sorts of crud on it, and anything I wanted to keep was backed up on an external drive, so I was happy to do a wipe and reinstall instead of an update. So after a bit of faffing about trying to work out how to get the thing to boot from the CD drive, I did that.

So the screen comes up with the choice: the options are Try Ubuntu and Install Ubuntu. I choose to install and to overwrite my current installation. So far so good. I then get a progress bar labelled something like copying files (I forget the exact wording) and further options to fill in for my location, keyboard locale, username and password. On each of these screens there are forward and back buttons. On the last screen (password), the forward button is greyed out. Well, I think to myself, no doubt it will become active when that copying files progress bar completes.

The progress bar never completes. It hangs. And the label changes from copying files to the chirpy ready when you are. The forward button remains greyed out. The back button is as unhelpful as you'd expect it to be. And there's nothing else to click. We have reached an impasse.

I tried restarting the laptop, to test whether it actually was properly installed. It wasn't. I tried to run Ubuntu live from the CD, to test whether the disk was damaged. That wouldn't work either, but I suspect it's just because the laptop is old and has a slow disk drive. I'm typing this question on another computer using the Ubuntu live CD and it's working fine. So there's nothing wrong with the CD.

Will Ubuntu live cd/dvd work with no hard drive installed?

I have no hard drive installed, Only USB thumb drive. Will this be a problem?

Installing Ubuntu 12.04 without installing Grub

Using the Ubuntu 12.04 Live CD, is possible not to install Grub? In previous versions, there was a checkbox called something like "skip grub installation", now in 12.04 this checkbox isn't there any more.

No sound in 12.04 on VirtualBox

No sound when installed in VirtualBox. When I boot from the live CD in Windows, sound works fine on my speakers. When in boot the live CD in VirtualBox it does not see my speakers. In sound properties only digital output built in S/PDIF and headphones!

I've done the pavcontrol - alsamixer - all settings are OK. I've tried both 32/64 versions of Ubuntu. Running current version VirtualBox. System: Windows 7 64 - i5.

What am I overlooking?

Anyway to make a liveCD from my current installation?

Remastersys is no longer maintained and UCK as well as Live-Magic aren't exactly what I'm looking for as they remaster a livecd. What I'm aiming for is something like PCLOS's makelivecd so I can have a livecd backup of my Ubuntu 11.10 install. I'm not really looking for a solution that makes incremental backups either. If anyone is familiar with the Alienware image / respawn DVD's, it is something like that even that I have in mind.

How can I create a LiveCD/LiveDVD/LiveUSB?

How can I create a Ubuntu LiveCD/LiveDVD/LiveUSB?

What are the legal consequences of customizing the LiveCD?

the organization I work at wants to create a custom Ubuntu LiveCD, the customizations are: Pre-installed programs, plugins, some device drivers, and aesthetics such as icons and backgrounds, as well as changing Firefox's homepage and removing unneeded packages.

Not big changes, obviously, and we wish to distribute this custom image for clients to use as a bootable CD or USB stick in order to have a quick environment where all our tools are available instantly.

What are the licensing and legal consequences of this? What if some of the programs or plugins that are to be pre-packaged are not GPL'd? I should finally note that we are not changing any code in the kernel or any other distro component.

Thank you for your time!